Letter from the Editor by Diana Di Stefano

Transitions in the Changing WestThe Photographic Legacy of Jessamine Spear Johnson
by Tempe Johnson Javitz

Bell v. ArmstrongIrrigation Conflicts, Water Law, and Scarcity in Montana’s Gallatin Valley, 1860–1909
by Jacob Swisher

The Shopkeeper’s FrontierHow the General Store Transformed Montana Territory, 1850–1885
by Greg Gordon

Land Acquisitions for Fort Peck DamA Square Deal Under the New Deal?
by John Lacey

From the Society End of the Last Ice Age
by Amanda Streeter Trum

Montana Book Roundupby Aaron Parrett

“Worry, U.S.A.” Dude Ranch Advertising Looks East, 1915–1945
by Flannery Burke

Bigger Than Babies Social Change, Eugenics, and Montana’s “Better Baby” Contests in the Progressive Era
by Casey J. Pallister

Montana’s Norwegian Language Pressby John C. (Chris) Boe

Filling the Sky with Thunderbirds The Extraordinary Career of Native American Aviator Mary Riddle
by Llyn De Danaan

Commentary Truth, Facts, and Alternative Histories: Views from the Little Houses
by Elizabeth Jameson

Salutations from Your New Editorby Diana Di Stefano

Holding the Herd Nelson Story’s 1866 Cattle Drive
by John C. Russell

Migrant Culture Maintenance The Welsh in Silver Bow County, Montana, 1880–1920
by Robert Llewellyn Tyler

Operations Haylift, Snowbound, and Vittles Federal Disaster Relief and Strategic Humanitarian Intervention in 1949
by David W. Mills

Billings and Beyond The Progressive Vision of Mayor Willard Fraser
by Lou Mandler

From the Society Joe Scheuerle and His Remarkable Indian Gallery
by Jennifer Bottomly-O’looney

Montana Book Roundupby Aaron Parrett

Ties, Rails, and Telegraph Wires How Railroads Shaped Montana and the West
by Dale Martin

“No More War, No More Plague” The Spanish Influenza Pandemic Toll on Montana
by Todd S. Harwell, Greg S. Holzman, and Steven D. Helgerson watch the video

Mid-Century Monolith in Northwestern Montana The Hungry Horse Dam Project
by Charlene Roise

“Whoa, Blue, Whoa!” Cowpuncher Teddy Blue Abbott, We Pointed Them North, and Montana’s Open-Range Era
by Vic Reiman

An Editor’s Farewell by Molly Holz

“Ho for the City of Angels and Sunny Skies”The Union Pacific’s Midwinter Excursions to California
by Nancy Cooper

An “Undesirable Station”U.S. Army Soldiers at Fort Yellowstone and the Creation of the National Park Service Ranger Program
by Thomas C. Rust

Tie Hackers on the Front Range, 1886–1887Building the St. Paul, Minneapolis & Manitoba and the Montana Central Railroads
by John A. Vollertsen

Redefining CitizenshipCurriculum Reform and the Changing Politics of Education in World War I–Era Butte
by Cody Dodge Ewert

Montana Book Roundupby Aaron Parrett

All-American Indian Days and the Miss Indian America Pageantby Gregory Nickerson watch the video

Operation Skywatch The Montana Ground Observer Corps, 1952–1959
by Jon Axline

The Most Dangerous Man in Montana Corruption, Communism, and Bill Dunne
by Vernon L. Pedersen

Exposing the Work of Albert Peale and Charles Loughrey United States Geological Survey Photography in Montana and Wyoming
by Marcy Flynn

Western Montana’s Christmas Tree Boom, 1926–1969by Rich Aarstad

From Forest to Market Work in Montana’s Christmas Tree Industry
by Darris Flanagan

Picturing Indian Health Dr. Ferdinand Shoemaker’s Traveling Photographs from the Crow Reservation, 1910–1918
by Rebecca S. Wingo

Alberta’s Special Areas Drought and Adaptation on the Canadian Plains
by William N. Holden

Becoming Herders Basque Immigration, Labor, and Settlement in Nevada, 1880–1910
by Iker Saitua

Montana Book Roundupby Aaron Parrett

State of ChangeWomen and the 1972 Montana Constitutional Convention
by Kelly Kirk

“One Page at a Time“Early Printing in Territorial Montana
by Aaron Parrett

“Dead Work,“ Electric Futures, and the Hidden History of the Gilded Ageby Jeremy Zallen

Expanding Digital Access to Historic Montana Newspapersby Tammy Troup

Cowboys and CapitalistsThe XIT Ranch in Texas and Montana, 1885–1912
by Michael M. Miller watch the video

“Failure to Protect”Legal Interpretations of Rape and Wife Assault in Butte, Montana, 1900–1920
by Natalie F. Scheidler

“There When We Needed Them”Harriette E. Cushman and the Birth of Montana’s Turkey Marketing Cooperatives
by Amy L. McKinney

Yellowstone’s History, Lost and FoundThe Tangled Provenance of the Gustavus Cheyney Doane Papers
by Kim Allen Scott

Where Did I Read That?A Guide to Montana’s Comprehensive Index and Databases
by Christy Eckerle

Going PublicChildbirth, the Board of Health, and Montana Women, 1860–1920
by Jennifer J. Hill

Pack Mules and ParachutesFirefighting Partners at Montana’s Ninemile Remount Depot
by Janet Ore

Forgotten PioneersThe Chinese in Montana
by Ellen Baumler watch the video

Daphne Bugbee JonesA Modernist Architect’s Legacy
by Hipólito Rafael Chacón watch the video

Montana Book Roundupby Aaron Parrett

Women, Wobblies, and the ‘War of Grays Harbor’Finnish-American Women and the 1912 Grays Harbor Lumber Strike
by Aaron Goings

In the Winner’s CircleHow Montana Thoroughbreds Upset the Nineteenth Century’s Racing Establishment
by Catharine Melin-Moser

John Mix StanleyAn Artist’s View of the 1853 Pacific Railroad Survey and the Far Northwest
by Peter H. Hassrick

Authenticating Chief Joseph’s ShirtRevelations from Comparison of Digitized Photographs
by Jeffrey Baitis and James S. Brust

Becoming Chinese in MontanaThe Chinese Empire Reform Association and National Identity among Montana’s Chinese Communities
by Mark Johnson

Women’s History MattersThe Montana Historical Society’s Suffrage Centennial Project
by Ellen Baumler, Laura K. Ferguson, Jodie Foley, Annie Hanshew, Anya Jabour, Martha Kohl, and Marcella Sherfy Walter watch the videos

Calamity JaneA Life and Legends
by Richard W. Etulain watch the video

Divas, Divorce, and DisclosureHidden Narratives in the Diaries of Evelyn Cameron
by Ann Roberts and Christine Wordsworth

Ewen and Evelyn Cameron Under the Big SkyA Photographic Essay

Montana’s Conjurers, Con Men, and Card CheatsWilbur E. Sanders, S. W. Erdnase, and The Expert at the Card Table
by Marty Demarest watch the video

‘Hewing Community Out of Wilderness’Montana’s Korpivaara and Kuhmoniemi Settlements in the Early Twentieth Century
by Dena L. Sanford

Killing Montana’s WolvesStockgrowers, Bounty Bills, and the Uncertain Distinction between Predators and Producers
by Michael Wise

Montana Book Roundupby Aaron Parrett

Montana ModernismContemporary Architecture in the Western State, 1945–1975
by H. Rafael Chacón

Black Hills and BloodshedThe U.S. Army and the Invasion of Lakota Land, 1868–1876
by Catharine R. Franklin

Charlie Russell and Glacier Parkby Elizabeth A. Dear and David Stanley

Lee Metcalf and the Politics of PreservationPart II—Conflict, Compromise, and the Art of Leadership
by Frederick H. Swanson

Franklin D. Roosevelt, Burton K. Wheeler, and the Great Debate A Montana Senator’s Crusade for Non-intervention before World War II
by Marc C. Johnson

Children of the HillSituating Children in Butte’s History
by Janet L. Finn watch the video

Vaccine Production in the Bitterroot Valley during World War IIHow Rocky Mountain Laboratory Protected American Forces from Yellow Fever
by Gary R. Hettrick

Camp CookeMontana Territory’s Forgotten First U.S. Army Post
by Rodger Lawrence Huckabee

And the Bride Wore . . . Montana Weddings, 1900–1960An Exhibit from the Montana Historical Society
by Martha Kohl

Montana Book Roundupby Aaron Parrett

The End of FreedomThe Military Removal of the Blackfeet and Reservation Confinement, 1880
by William E. Farr

Protest, Power, and the PitFighting Open-Pit Mining in Butte, Montana
by Brian Leech

Breaking Racial Barriers ‘Everyone’s Welcome’ at the Ozark Club, Great Falls, Montana’s African American Nightclub
by Ken Robison

Building Permanent and Substantial RoadsPrison Labor on Montana’s Highways, 1910–1925
by Jon Axline

Signs of the TimesThe Montana Historical Society’s National Register Sign Program
by Ellen Baumler

The West Loved Oysters Too!A Look at that Time in America When Those Briny Bivalves Were All the Rage, Even beyond the Missouri River
by Paul L. Hedren

Staging the Past in Montana’s Alder GulchRuminations on History, Tourism, and Preservation
by J. Philip Gruen

‘Our Snow Covered Trail’A Montana Freighter Recalls the Hard Winter of 1906–1907
by Joseph M. Hartmann

Ahead of His TimeJoseph Kinsey Howard and the Writing of Strange Empire
by Heather Devine

Cons OnlineA Montana Historical Society Digitization Project
by Caitlan Maxwell and Jodie Foley

Changing LivesBaptist Women, Benevolence, and Community on the Crow Reservation, 1904–60
by Becky Matthews

Steamboats, Woodhawks, and War on the Upper Missouri Riverby Greg Gordon

The Rise and Fall of Social Welfare in a Frontier Mining CommunityVirginia City and Madison County, Montana Territory, 1863–69
by Jeffrey J. Safford

‘Howdy Everyone! Glad to See You’Montana Tourism and its Port of Entry Stations
by Jon Axline

The Western Rendezvous of Artby Susan R. Near

Mina WestbyeNorwegian Immigrant, North Dakota Homesteader, Studio Photographer, ‘New Woman’
by Lori Ann Lahlum

Marketing the NorthwestThe Northern Pacific Railroad’s Last Spike Excursion
by Jan Taylor

A Devastating Diagnosis of LeprosyThe Story of Orville Willett
by Ellen Baumler

Just a Name on a Grave? Discovering the story of an Unknown Montana Miner
by Don L. Crawford and Melinda Blanchard Crawford

The Lonesome Life in Glacier National ParkKishenehn Ranger Station, 1910–1940
by Mark Hufstetler

Conceiving NatureThe Creation of Montana’s Glacier National Park
by Andrew C. Harper

Where the Prairie Ends and the Sky BeginsMaynard Dixon in Montana
by Donald J. Hagerty

Glacier National ParkPeople, a Playground, and a Park
by Jennifer Bottomly-O’looney and Deirdre Shaw

The Miraculous Survival of the Art of Glacier National Parkby Hipólito Rafael Chacón

Dying in the WestPart 2—Caregiving in the Home and the Death of Daniel Slayton
by Dawn D. Nickel

‘The Huge Mass Writhed and Screamed like a Live Thing’Revisiting the Failure of Hauser Dam
by Aaron Parrett

Lt. James H. BradleyThe Literary Legacy of Montana’s Frontier Soldier-Historian
by Jon G. James

In the Company of HeroesCharlie Russell and the ‘Temple of Fame’
by Kirby Lambert

Copper Commando and the Anaconda Company’s Wartime Productionby Amanda Graham

Abraham LincolnPolitical Founding Father of the American West
by Richard W. Etulain

To Think Like a StarThe American West, Modern Cosmology, and Big History
by Kevin J. Fernlund

‘My heart now has become changed to softer feelings’A northern Cheyenne Woman and Her Family Remember the Long journey home
by John H. Monnett

‘Baseball was our life’Amateur Baseball in Butte, Montana, 1920–1960
by John Mihelich

Tough Trip to PublicationTough Trip through Paradise and the Beautiful Wives of Andrew Garcia
by Diane Smith

Thomas Savage, Forgotten Novelistby O. Alan Weltzien

Learning a Trapper’s and Hunter’s Artby Frank Bird Linderman; introduced by Sarah Waller Hatfield

‘This unfortunate affair’An 1810 Letter from the Three Forks
by Rich Aarstad

The Charles M. Russell Catalogue Raisonnéby B. Byron Price watch the video

Bringing Home All the Pretty HorsesThe Horse Trade and the Early American West, 1775–1825
by Dan Flores

The Eleventh Manby Ivan Doig

Justice as an AfterthoughtWomen and the Montana Prison System
by Ellen Baumler

‘Peas That Please’The Gallatin Valley Pea Industry, 1911–1970
by Phyllis Smith

The Mining Law of 1872by Gordon Morris Bakken

Assault on Basaltby Mark Baumler

Wallace Stegner’s Formative Years in Saskatchewan and Montanaby Philip L. Fradkin

‘A Residual Frontier Town’Wallace Stegner’s Salt Lake City
by Robert C. Steensma

The Fight for Crow WaterPart I: The Early Reservation Years through the Indian New Deal
by Megan Benson

‘Our Genial Photographer’The Life and Times of Henry D. Weenink
by D. Lyle Dechant

Not-So-Buried TreasuresExploring the On-line Resources of the MHS Research Center
by Jodie Foley and Roberta Gebhardt

So You Want to Be Published?by Stan Lynde

A Guide to Self-Publishing Your Bookby the Montana Historical Society Press staff

Flying across AmericaThe Airline Passenger Experience and the West
by Daniel L. Rust

One Day on Timbered IslandHow the Rockefellers’ Visits to Yellowstone Led to Grand Teton National Park
by Marian Albright Schenck

Postcard Portraits of Yellowstone National Parkby Susan and Jack Davis

Neither Empty nor UnknownMontana at the Time of Lewis and Clark
by George Oberst

‘I haven’t time to kiss everybody!’Larry Mathews Entertains in Yellowstone, 1887–1904
by Lee H. Whittlesey

Entering Butteby Robert R. Swartout Jr.

‘See America the Bountiful’Butte’s Berkeley Pit and the American Culture of Consumption
by Timothy J. LeCain

Another Look at Burke’s ButteThe Great Depression and William Allen Burke’s ‘Greenhorn Miner’
introduced by Matthew Basso

Caring for the DeadThe Development of the Funeral Business in Butte
by Zena Beth McGlashan

1,000,000 Glasses a DayButte’s Beer History on Tap
by Steve Lozar watch the video

Driving Haul Trucks in the Berkeley PitReminiscences of a Gritty Job
by Bill Long

About Butteby Wim Wenders

The Butte-Anaconda National Historic Landmarkby Martha Kohl

The Natural West—Bioprospecting in the Berkeley PitThe Search for Valuable Natural Products from a Most Unnatural World
by Andrea Stierle

Our Lady of the Rockiesby Kris King

Anaconda Sheds Its PressThe Story behind the Company’s Decision to Sell Its Newspapers
by Dennis Swibold

An Army Surgeon’s AccountHenry Remson Tilton’s View of the Bear’s Paw Mountains Expedition and the Conclusion of the Nez Perce War
by Jerome A. Greene

‘No Fighting is to be Apprehended’Major Eugene Baker, Sitting Bull, and the Northern Pacific Railroad’s 1872 Western Yellowstone Surveying Expedition
by M. John Lubetkin

William RanneyA Painter’s Requiem to the Mountain Man
by Peter H. Hassrick

Of Professors and PredatorsJohn Ostrom, Deinonychus antirrhopus, and the Nature of Dinosaurs
by Jon Axline

Caroline Lockhart on the Dryhead‘Happily-Ever-Aftering’ on a Montana Cattle Ranch
by John Clayton

Brokeback MountainA Western
by Richard White

Key IngredientsAmerica by Food

We Proceeded OnCreating a Masterpiece for the Montana State Capitol
by Kirby Lambert

Tower RockA Traveler’s Landmark
by Clint Attebery

What’s the Matter with Texas?The Great Enigma of the Lone Star State in the American West
by Ty Cashion

‘Good night with the Stars and Stripes, Army, Navy, and Mister damned Wilson’Montana’s Central Role in the Repression—and Eventual Recognition—of Free Speech
by Clemens P. Work

In the Shadow of Billy the KidSusan McSween and the Lincoln County War
by Kathleen P. Chamberlain

The Masonic Apron of Meriwether Lewis and the Legacy of Masonry in Montanaby Ellen Baumler

Comet, Montanaby Christine W. Brown

Unexpected Treasures among the Photographs of Ed and Emil Kopacby Delores J. Morrow and Sandra J. Barker

Captivity For Yellowstone BisonTheir Doom or Salvation?
by Mary Ann Franke

Tragedy at Red Cloud AgencyThe Surrender, Confinement, and Death of Crazy Horse
by Jeffrey V. Pearson

‘We Belong to the North’The Flights of the Northern Indians from the White River Agencies, 1877–1878
by Kingsley M. Bray

‘Custer’s Last Stand’An Artist’s Perspective
by Thom Ross

Mapping MontanaThe Federal Land Surveys of 1867–1868
by Jeffrey J. Safford

Fear in the Time of Infantile Paralysisby Volney Steele

The 320 Ranchby Connie Staudohar

Community Preservation in Montanaby Rolene R. Schliesman

‘This Wicked Family’A Biography of the Deschamps Family of Fort Union—Their Feuds, Fights, and Violent Demise
by Robert W. Thomson

The Bearer Has PermissionA Brief History of Research Permitting in Yellowstone National Park
by Alice Wondrak Biel

Old West and New West in Garden Park, Coloradoby Steven M. Schnell, Curtis J. Sorenson, Soren Larsen, Matthew Dunbar, and Erin McGrogan

Laura Bell McDanielQueen of the Colorado City Tenderloin
by Jan MacKell

Icy Reconnaissanceby Michael J. Ober

Federal Historic Rehabilitation Income Tax Credit Programby Pete Brown

New Deal Oasis on the High Plainsby Fredric L. Quivik

KonaCradle of Hawaii’s Paniolo
by Richard W. Slatta, Ku‘ulani Auld, and Maile Melrose

Montana’s Worst Natural DisasterThe 1964 Flood on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation
by Aaron Parrett

‘I Want It Real Bad’The Charles M. Russell–Malcolm Mackay Collaboration
by Brian W. Dippie

Montana’s Last Best ChanceThe Malcolm S. Mackay Collection of Charles M. Russell Art
by Kirby Lambert

A Recipe for New Researchby Charlene Porsild

Remembering Butte’s Chinatownby Carrie Schneider

Going to BuffaloIndian Hunting Migrations Across the Rocky Mountains
Part 1: Making Meat and Taking Robes
by William E. Farr

‘Music, Song, and Laughter’Yellowstone National Park’s Fountain Hotel, 1891–1916
by Lee H. Whittlesey

Letters from World’s EndA Young Couple’s Portrait of Butte, 1936–1941
by Brenda Pentland

‘The Making of a Good Woman’Montana and the National Florence Crittenton Mission
by Ellen Baumler

Documenting Education in Montanaby Molly Kruckenberg

Lolo Hot Springsby Charlene Porsild

The Education of a Muckraker The Journalism of Christopher Powell Connolly
by Dennis Swibold

The Bozeman Trail before John Bozeman A Busy Land
by Robert M. Utley

Montana Fever’ Smallpox and the Montana State Board of Health
by Ellen Leahy

‘The Art of the Possible’ Wallace Stegner and Historical Fiction
interview by Robert Keller, edited by Sarah Fox

Historical Commentary The Unnatural History of the Lewis and Clark Bicentennial
by Mark Spence

From the Society An Extraordinary Record of an Ordinary Life
by Jodie Foley

The Montana Traveler Lewis and Clark National Historic Landmarks in Montana
by Ellen Baumler

Disputing the Medicine Line The Plains Cree and the Canadian-American Border, 1876–1885
by Michel Hogue

Wrestling with Horace Albright, Part II Edmund Rogers, Visitors, and Bears in Yellowstone National Park
by Alice K. Wondrak

The Forgotten Yellowstone Surveying Expedition of 1871 W. Minor Roberts and the Northern Pacific Railroad in Montana
by M. John Lubetkin

‘We Didn’t Care for It’ The Salish and Kootenai Battle against Termination Policy, 1946–1954
by Jaakko Puisto

‘Rabbit Child—A Crazy Dog of the Crows’ A Crow Narrative
ed. by Phenocia Bauerle

Montana Episodes Terror Floated over Montana
by Larry Tanglen

From the Society Brand Books
by Charlene Porsild and Molly Miller

The Montana Traveler Dearborn River High Bridge
by John Axline

Frontier Fly-Fishing in the New Westby Paul Schullery

Fishing the Hatch New West Romanticism and Fly-Fishing in the High Country
by Ken Owens

‘A Millionaire Couldn’t Buy a Piece of Water as Good’ George Grant and the Conservation of the Big Hole River Watershed
by Pat Munday

Trout Shangri-La Remaking the Fishing in Yellowstone National Park
by John Byorth

Montana Episodes Pacific Memories
by Carle F. O’Neil

Montana Episodes While Custer Was Making His Last Stand
by Ken Owens

The Montana Traveler The Montana State Capitol
by Kirby Lambert

The Natural West Blight in the Waters
by Tom Palmer

World Champions The 1904 Girls’ Basketball Team from Fort Shaw Indian Boarding School
by Linda Peavy and Ursula Smith

“The Greatest Hazard of All Is the ‘Human Element’” Manning the Machines of the World’s Greatest Wheat Farm
by Douglas M. Edwards

The Goldfish Died Great Falls, Fort Benton, and the Great Flood of 1908
by Gordon Morris Bakken and J. Elwood Bakken

Nelson A. Miles, Crazy Horse, and the Battle of Wolf Mountainsby Jeffrey V. Pearson

Essays on the West Western Art Don’t Get No Respect
by Brian W. Dippie

The Road to Reappearance
by Peter Iverson

Still High, Wide, and Handsome
by Hal Rothman

Looking Ahead An Opportunity for Partnership

The Montana Traveler Pictograph Cave State Park
by Ann Kooistra-Manning

‘Flying Buffaloes’ Artists and the Buffalo Hunt
by Brian W. Dippie

‘A Beautiful Spirit’ Origins of the Archie Bray Foundation for the Ceramic Arts
by Rick Newby and Chere Jiusto

Old Photographs Sometimes You Just Can’t Believe Your Eyes
by Bill Holm

Maynard Dixon and a Changing West, 1917–1935by Donald J. Hagerty

Julius Seyler Painting the Blackfeet, Painting Glacier Park, 1913–1914
by William E. Farr

The Montana Traveler Seeing Bob Scriver’s Artwork
by Kirby Lambert

Historical Reflections Photos from Montana’s Montana’s Past
by Ellen Baumler

A Journey to the Heart of Darkness John W. Wright and the War against the Sioux, 1863–1865
by Kim Allen Scott and Ken Kempcke

The Army at the Clearwater Tactical Victory and Strategic Defeat in the Nez Perce War
by Jerome A. Greene

Photojournalism, 1877 John H. Fouchm, Fort Keogh’s First Post Photographer
by James S. Brust

Private John F. Donohue’s Reflections on the Little Bighornby Lewis O. Saum

Medals for Custer’s Menby Larry Sklenar

MemorialsAubrey L. Haines (1914–2000) and Don G. Rickey, Jr. (1925–2000)

The Montana Traveler Snowden Bridge
by Jon Axline

Illness at Three Forks Captain William Clark and the First Recorded Case of Colorado Tick Fever
by Ronald V. Loge

Beyond the Melting Pot and Multiculturalism Cultural Politics in Southern Appalachia and Hispanic New Mexico
by Mark Banker

Rocky Flats Expect a Fire, But Produce
by Len Ackland

The Footrace From the Frontier Adventures of Walter Cooper
by Larry Len Peterson

Essays on the West When Camels Came Back to Montana
by Ellen Baumler

Historical Reflections Photos from Montana’s Past
by the editor

The Montana Traveler Life on the Upper Missouri: The Art of Karl Bodmer

The Steamboat and Stagecoach Era in Montana and the Northern Westby Carlos A. Schwantes

A Voyage to Montana, Part I Serena Washburn’s Account of Her Trip up the Missouri River in 1869
by Aubrey L. Haines

The Crow Indians and the Bozeman Trailby Frank Rzeczkowski

Something of a Nuisance Value The Montana, Wyoming & Southern Railroad, 1905–1953
by Jon Axline

Historical CommentaryThe ‘Wild’ Old West—A Different View
by Stewart L. Udall

Essays on the West Crazy Horse—Will We Ever Know You?
by Robert M. Utley

‘Everyone Can Understand a Picture’ Photographers and the Promotion of Early Yellowstone
by Lee H. Whittlesey

Thomas J. Hine One of Yellowstone’s Earliest Photograhers
by James S. Brust and Lee H. Whittlesey

Joshua Crissman Yellowstone’s Forgotten Photographer
by Steven B. Jackson

Through the Artist’s Eye The Paintings and Photographs of R. E. DeCamp
by Kirby Lambert

The 1859 Lander Expedition Revisited ‘Worthy Relics’ Tell New Tales of a Wind River Wagon Road
by Alan Fraser Houston and Jourdan Moore Houston

Historical ReflectionsPhotos from Montana’s Past (Yellowstone’s Buffalo Ranch)

The Montana Traveler Ulm Pishkun: World of the Early Plains Bison
by Krys Holmes

‘Powder Aplenty for Native and Guest Alike’ Steamboat Springs, Corporate Control, and the Changing Meaning of Home
by Hal K. Rothman

‘A Paper of, by, and for the People’ The Producer’s News, and the Farmers’ Movement in Northeastern Montana, 1918–1937
by Verlaine Stoner McDonald

A ‘Mail-Order Marriage’ The Norman Maclean—Robert Utley Correspondence
by O. Alan Weltzien

Historical Commentary The Senate of Mike Mansfield
by Donald A. Ritchie

Montana Episodes The Great Falls Home Front during World War II
by William J. Furdell

Historical Reflections Photos from Montana’s Past (Butte warehouse fire, 1895)
by the editor

Montana Book RoundupCharles E. Rankin

Called Out People The Cheyennes and the Central Plains
by Elliott West

Montana’s Refining Industry, Part II, 1942–1996by Joseph M. Ashley

Elk Head and White Bear Warrior Artists in the Early Reservation Period
by Allen Chronister

Harry Walker Fort Benton Bandmaster, 1881–1882
by H. Bruce Lobaugh

The Uniqueness of Crow Art A Glimpse into the History of an Embattled People
by Michael H. Logan and Douglas A. Schmittou

Essays on the West The Journals of Lewis and Clark: Almost Home
by Gary E. Moulton

Angus McDonald A Scottish Highlander among Indian Peoples
by James Hunter

First across the Continent, Part II Alexander Mackenzie’s Trek to the Pacific
by Barry Gough

Beautiful Deceiver The Absolutely Divine Lola Montez
by Janet R. Fireman

“Food, Rest, & Happyness,” Part I Limitations and Possibilities in the Early Treatment of Tuberculosis in Montana
by Connie Staudohar

Historical Commentary Butte: Cultural Treasure in a Mining Town
by Patrick Malone

Montana Episodes Confessions of a Telephone Girl
by Dorothy M. Johnson

“Baited by a ‘Color’ of Gold to a Mountain of Granite,” Part I Connecticut Capital at Work in the Montana Goldfields, 1865–1868
by Jeffrey J. Safford

Red Cloud, Part II The Reservation Years
by Robert W. Larson

Passengers, Profits, and Prestige The Glacier Park Hotel Company, 1914–1929
by Christiane Diehl-Taylor

Fire on the Mountain Tragic Death and Memorialization of the Storm King Fourteen
by Andrew Gulliford

An Indian Memorial for the Little Bighornby Charles E. Rankin

Historical Commentary What Ever Happened to the Anaconda Company?
by Eugene C. Tidball

Essays on the West Reflections on a Reputation: The Remington Rainsonné
by Brian W. Dippie

From Esteban to Rodney King Five Centuries of African American History in the West
by Quintard Taylor

Driven from Point to Point Fact and Legend of the Bear River Riot
by D. Claudia Thompson

Reaping the Wind The Jacobs Brothers, Montana’s Pioneer ‘Windsmiths’
by Robert W. Righter

‘. . . And All That Jazz’ Changing Manners and Morals in Butter after World War I
by Mary Murphy

Historical Commentary Custer’s Last Stand: Protecting an Endangered Species
by Gregory F. Michno

The Curse of the Buffalo Skull Seventy Years on the Trail of a Charles M. Russell Biography
by John Taliaferro

Frederic Remington, The Painter A Historiographical Sketch
by Peter H. Hassrick

Selling the Myth Western Images in Advertising
by Elliott West

Burying the Hatchet The Semi-Centennial of the Battle of the Little Bighorn
by Douglas C. McChristian

Historical Commentary Creating a ‘New’ West: Big Money Returns to the Hinterland
by William G. Robbins

Essays on the West The Way West, A Review
by Philip J. Deloria

The Golden Horse on the Silver Screenby Lillian Turner

Calamity Jane’s Diary and Letters Story of a Fraud
by James D. McLaird

‘A Chinaman’s Chance’ on the Rocky Mountain Frontierby Liping Zhu

‘Immence Mountains to the West’ Lewis and Clark Breach the Bitterroots
by Stephen E. Ambrose

Historical Commentary History by Unreliable Narrators: Sitting Bull’s Circus Horse
by William E. Lemons

D’Arcy McNickle Native American Author, Montana Native Son
by Dorothy R. Parker

The Northern Cheyennes and the Fight for Cultural Sovereignty The Notes of Father Aloysius Van Der Velden, S.J.
by Suzanne H. Schrems

Licit Amusements of Enlisted Men in the Post–Civil War Armyby William A. Dobak

Historical Commentary Norman Maclean and Laird Robinson: A Tale of Two Research Partners
by O. Alan Weltzien

Essays on the West Charles M. Russell and ‘Piano Jim’
by John Taliaferro

Essays on the West A Trip through Western Time and Western Space
by David M. Emmons

A Moment in Time The West—September 1806
by James P. Ronda

Killing Custer An Excerpt
by James Welch

Bringing Montana Out of the Mud The Early Years of John Morrison, Sr.
by Theodore E. Lang

Government Patronage Catlin, Stanley, and Eastman
by Brian W. Dippie

Pen Sketches of Promise The Western Drawings of Merritt Dana Houghton
by Michael A. Amundson

Historical Commentary The Price of ‘Freedom’—Montana in the Late and Post-Anaconda Era
by David M. Emmons

Essays on the West Charles M. Russell, Word Painter—Letters 1887–1926
by John Taliaferro

John H. Fouch First Post Photographer at Fort Keogh
by James S. Brust

Battle of the Big Hole, Part 2by Bruce Hampton

Army Muleby Emmett M. Essin

General Sherman’s March through Montanaby Eugene C. Tidball

Historical Commentary The Montana University System—The First Half Century
by Michael P. Malone

Higher Education in Montana, 1950–1993
by George M. Dennison

Essays on the West Resisting Silence—William Kittredge’s Hole in the Sky
by Mary Clearman Blew

Troubled Bundles, Troubled Blackfeet The Travail of Cultural and Religious Renewal
by William E. Farr

The Life and Western Art of E. E. Heikkaby Vivian A. Paladin

A Scout’s Perceptions of Indians at the Battle of Beecher Island An Essay on Ethnocentrism
by John H. Monnett

Sea Serpents of the Pacific Northwestby Paul H. LeBlond

Essays on the West: Tribute to Wallace Stegner A Brief Reminescence: Father, Teacher, Collaborator
by Page Stegner

Where the Old West Met the New, Wallace Stegner: 1909–1993
by Jackson J. Benson

Stegner, Story-Telling, and Western Identity
by Elliott West

Precedents to Wisdom
by Patricia Nelson Limerick

Stegner, the West, and the Environment
by Dan Flores

Thoughts on Wallace Stegner
by Ivan Doig

The Good Rain: Stegner and the Wild
by William Kittredge

Wallace Stegner as Western Humorist
by Richard W. Etulain

Manipulating Nature’s Paradise National Park Management under Stephen T. Mather, 1916–1929
by Richard West Sellars

Journey to Wyoming An Excerpt from Ethel Waxham’s Journals and Letters
ed. by Barbara Love and Frances Love Froidevaux

‘The Pilgrimage of a Funny Man’ Bob Burdette’s Northwestern Tour of 1888
by Lewis O. Saum

Landscapes of Opportunity Phases of Railroad Promotion of the Pacific Northwest
by Carlos A. Schwantes

Railroading on the Great Divide Images of the Milwaukee Road’s Western Main Line
by Dale Martin

Historical Commentary The Urban West and the Twenty-First Century
by Carl Abbott

Essays on the West Tragedy and Beyond: Norman Maclean’s Young Men and Fire, A Review
by Harold P. Simonson

The New Western History Goes to Town, Or Don’t Forget That Your Urban Hamburger Was Once a Rural Cow
by Howard Rabinowitz

Montana’s Entrepreneurial Spirit at Workby Michael P. Malone

A Settlement on the Plains Paris Gibson and the Building of Great Falls
by Richard B. Roeder

The Deconstruction of a Capitalist Patriarch The Life and Times of Samuel T. Hauser
by William G. Robbins

‘A Little Bit Better’ William Andrews Clark and Welfare Work in Arizona
by Jeanette Rodda

Origins of the Great Sioux War The Brown-Anderson Controversy Revisited
by Robert M. Utley

Historical Commentary American Indians and Outsiders: A Crucial Dialogue of the Columbian Quincenterary
by Margaret Connell Szasz

Essays on the West Custer and Crazy Horse Ride Again . . . and Again, and Again: Filmmaking and History at the Little Bighorn
by Paul Stekler

TV Looks at Indians and American History A Review Essay
by Roger L. Nichols

European Images of America The West in Historical Perspective
by Gerald D. Nash

The American West in the European Imaginationby Julian Crandall Hollick

Annie Oakley The Magical Year in London
by Shirl Kasper

‘Hang Me If You Will’ Violence in the Last Western Mining Boomtown
by Sally Zanjani

Sunday at the Little Big Horn with Georgeby Eric von Schmidt

Historical Commentary Triumph al Narratives and the Northern West
by William G. Robbins

Essays on the West The Wagon Box Fight
by Jerry Keenan

Native American Literature Comes of Ageby Walter C. Fleming

In the Shadow of Jefferson Explorers and the Great West
by Martin Ridge

‘A Knowledge of Distant Parts’ The Shaping of the Lewis and Clark Expedition
by James P. Ronda

Travels in a Subjective West The Letters of Edwin James and Major Stephen Long’s Scientific Expedition of 1819–1820
by Carlo Rotella

The Edwin James Letter Book at Yaleby George Miles

Marvelous Figures, Astonished Travelers The Montana Expedition of Maximilian, Prince of Wied
by Joseph C. Porter

Journeys to the Land of Gold Emigrants on the Bozeman Trail, 1863–1866
by Susan Badger Doyle

Historical Commentary Spanish Exploration in the Western Boderlands
by John L. Kessell

Review Essay The West in Exploration, Empire, and Art
by Joseph C. Porter

Narcissa Whitman The Significance of a Missionary’s Life
by Julie Roy Jeffrey

‘I Really Had Something Like the Blues’ Letters from Jessie Benton Frémont to Elizabeth Blair Lee, 1847–1883
by Pamela Herr and Mary Lee Spence

Not a Love Story Bordeaux v. Bordeaux
by Paula Petrik

Women’s Matters Birth Control, Prenatal Care, and Childbirth in Rural Montana, 1910–1940
by Mary Melcher

Historical Commentary The Contributions and Challenges of Western Women’s History’
Four essays by Sarah Deutsch, Virginia Scharff, Glenda Riley, and John Mack Faragher

Montana Episodes Graduation Party—1929
by Jo Measure

Art and Architecture of the Westby Richard W. Etulain

Montana’s Monuments History in the Making
by Carroll Van West

Sheet Iron Elegance Mail Order Architecture in Montana
by Arthur A. Hart

The North and Snow Joseph Henry Sharp in Montana
by Sarah Boehme

Crow Beadwork The Resilience of Cultural Values
by Barbara Loeb

Historical Commentary Back to the Future of the Great Plains
by Frederick C. Luebke

Montana Episodes History, Family, and Legacy on Montana’s High Line
by Mary Sheehy Moe

Montana Book Roundupby Charles E. Rankin

Monarch of All These Mighty Wonders Tourists and Yellowstone’s Excelsior Geyser, 1881–1890
by Lee Whittlesey

Fire in the Hole Slovenians, Croatians, and Coal Mining on the Musselshell
by Anna Zellick

‘Greetings from this Coalvillage’ Finnish Immigrants of Red Lodge
by Erika Kuhlman

From the Land of Oz L. Frank Baum’s Satirical View of South Dakota’s First Year of Statehood
by Nancy Tystad Koupal

Public History and the Native American Issues in the American West
by Albert L. Hurtado

Montana Episodes Number, Please . . .
by Ethlyn F. Ross

Historical Commentary The Looseness of Zion: The Lighter Side of Mormon History
by Leonard J. Arrington

Movie Review McMurtry and Graham, Montana
by Paul Monaco

Montana Book Roundup by Charles E. Rankin

Social Myth and Social Realityby David M. Emmons

Chinook, Montana, and the Myth of Progressive Adaptationby Mary Beth LaDow

Kinship and Opportunity Nova Scotians on the Wyoming Frontier
by Charles E. Rankin

Windmills in Montana Dutch Settlement in the Gallatin Valley
by Rob Kroes

Messenger of the New Age Station KGIR in Butte, Montana
by Mary Murphy

Montana Episodes Diary of a Night Nurse, Butte, Montana, 1909
by Beatrice Murphy

Historical Commentary Landscape, Memory, and the Western Past
by Barbara Allen

Review Essay Man Bites Dog in Yellowstone: The Fire Books of 1989
by Alfred Runte

Montana Book Roundup by Charles E. Rankin

The Seventh Iowa Cavalry and the Plains Indian Wars, 1861–1866by David P. Robrock

Centennial Biographies ‘We’re not isolated now!’ Anna Boe Dalh and the REA
by David Long

Thomas H. Carter—Spokesman for Western Development
by Richard B. Roeder

Nannie Alderson’s Frontier—and Ours
by William Bevis

Jeannette Rankin and the Women’s Peace Unionby Harriet Hyman Alonso

Irish-American Nationalism in Butte, 1900–1916by Catherine Dowling

Montana Episodes Looking Back on the Sun Road
by Gordon LaVerne Harrison

Montana Book Roundup by Charles E. Rankin

“At the end of the cracked whip” The Northern West, 1880–1920
by William G. Robbins

Commonwealth or Colony Montana Railroads in the First Decade of Statehood
by W. Thomas White

Electrical Power, Copper, and John D. Ryanby Carrie Johnson

Images of the Wageworkers’ Frontierby Carlos A. Schwantes

Women’s Economic Role in Montana Agriculture “You Had to Make Every Minute Count
by Laurie K. Mercier

Montana Episodes Thrashing in Montana at the Turn of the Century
by T. Eugene Barrows

Historical Landscapes Early steel Transmission Towers and Energy for Montana’s Copper Industry
by Frederic L. Quivik

Historical Commentary Colonialism: The Perpetual Pendulum
by Gene M. Gressley

Montana Book Roundupby Charles E. Rankin

“There Is Something Wrong Down Here” The Smith Mine Disaster, Bearcreek, Montana, 1943
by Paul Anderson

American Daughters Black Women in the West
by Glenda Riley

“The Best Attractions at Popular Prices Early Theatre in Butte
by William R. Kershner

“The Stack Dominated Our Lives” Metals Manufacturing in Four Montana Communities
by Laurie K. Mercier

Rivals for California The Great Northern and the Southern Pacific, 1905–1931
by Don L. Hofsommer

Montana Episodes Herding Sheep in the Judith Basin at the Turn of the Century
by Henry T. and John A. Murray

Historical Commentary Shots in the Dark: Television and the Western Myth
by Elliott West

Montana Landscape The Arch in Helena’s Nineteenth Century Architecture
by Carroll Van West

Review Essay A New Perspective on the West? A Review of The Legacy of Conquest
by Vernon Carstensen

Montana Book Roundupby Charles E. Rankin

The Prizes of Statehoodby Kenneth N. Owens

Insurrection, Agitation, and Riots The Police Power and Washington Statehood
by Kent D. Richards

“God Helps Those Who Help Themselves” The Farmers Alliance and Dakota Statehood
by Larry Remele

Spoils of Statehood Montana Communities in Conflict, 1888–1894
by William L. Lang

“The Right Kind of Nail” Reactions to J. K. Toole’s Montana Statehood Speech
by Dave Walter

Idaho’s Season of Political Distess An Unusual Path to Statehood
by Merle Wells

Montana Episodes Helena’s Social Supremacy: Political Sarcasm and the Capital Fight
by Rick Newby

Historical Landscapes A Landscape of Statehood: The Montana State Capitol
by Carroll Van West

Historical Commentary Statehood Centennials: What Shall We Celebrate?
by Judith Austin

Montana Book Roundupby Charles E. Rankin

Testimonyby David Long

In and Out of Tule Lake Segregation Center Japanese Internment in the West, 1942–1945
by Rosalie H. Wax

The Perils of Working in the Butte Underground Industrial Fatalities in the Copper Mines, 1880–1920
by Brian Shovers

Selling Land on the Montana Plains, 1905–1915 Northern Pacific Railway’s Land-Grant Sales Policies
by Ross R. Cotroneo

Montanans and “the Most Peculiar Disease The Influenza Epidemic and Public Health, 1918–1919
by Pierce C. Mullen and Michael L. Nelson

Montana EpisodesA “Fluey” Diary, 1918

Montana Commentary Buffalo and Bacteria
by Kenneth N. Owens and Sally L. Owens

Montana Book Roundupby Charles E. Rankin

The Rise and Fall of Socialism in a Company Town Anaconda, Montana, 1902–1905
by Jerry Calvert

“Mr. Montana” Revised Another Look at Granville Stuart
by William Kittredge and Steven M. Krauzer

Politics and the Crow Indian Land Cessions, 1851–1904by Burton M. Smith

Sword Bearer and the “Crow Outbreak” of 1887by Colin G. Calloway

Promise in the West The Letters of Isaac Schultz, 1884–1887
ed. by H. Duane Hampton

Montana Episodes Rounding up “Canners” for the “Corned Beef and Cabbage”
by Robert W. “Ike” Eigell

Historical Landscapes The Milwaukee Road Corridor
by Carroll Van West

Historical Commentary A Dream of Water
by Donald Worster

Montana Book Roundupby Charles E. Rankin

The Story of Mrs. Picotte-Gilpin, a Sioux Heroine Eagle Woman Learns about White Ways and Racial Conflict, 1820–1868
by John S. Gray

“Roughing It Up the Yellowstone to Wonderland An Account of a Trip through the Yellowstone Valley in 1878
by Colgate Hoyt, ed. by Carroll Van West

The Livery Stable in the American Westby Clark C. Spence

“The Glorious Orb of Day Has Rose” A Diary of the Smoky Hill Route to Pike’s Peak, 1858
by Wilbur Fiske Parker, ed. by Norman Lavers

Handball’s Sagebrush Champs The Growth of Handball in Montana
by Marcia Melton

Montana Episodes Surveying in Yellowstone National Park, 1882
by Samuel P. Panton

Historical Landscapes Solid, Safe, and Secure: Country Banks in Montana

Historical Commentary On Digging Up Custer Battlefield
by Robert M. Utley

Montana Book Roundupby Charles E. Rankin

Vol. 35, No. 4

The Native Americans’ Yellowstoneby C. Adrian Heidenreich

War Houses in the Sioux Country The Military Occupation of the Lower Yellowstone
by Robert M. Utley

Steamboats on the Yellowstoneby William E. Lass

Coulson and the Clark’s Fork Bottom The Economic Structure of a Pre-Railroad Community, 1874–1881
by Carroll Van West

Main Streets of the Yellowstone Valley Town-Building along the Northern Pacific in Montana
by John C. Hudson

Forsyth’s Booster, Walter B. Dean, Jr.by Delores Morrow

Montana Episodes Memories of Sidney, Montana, and the Lower Yellowstone Valley, 1919–1939
by Laurie K. Mercier

Historical Landscapes Livingston: Railroad Town on the Yellowstone

Historical Commentary Saving the Yellowstone
by William L. Lang

A Review Essay The Great Father, A New History of Federal Indian Policy
by Lawrence C. Kelly

Women in Waiting in the Westward Movement Pamelia Dillin Fergus and Emma Stratton Christie
by Linda Peavy and Ursula Smith

Hydraulics in the American West The Development and Diffusion of a Mining Technique
by Randall E. Rohe

“An Eldorado of Ease and Elegance” Taking the Waters at White Sulphur Springs, 1866–1904
by Marilyn McMillan

Real and Fancied Claims Joseph Richard “Skookum Joe” Anderson, Miner in Central Montana, 1880–1897
by George D. Mueller

Montana Episodes Across Montana on the Northern Pacific in 1883
by Paul LIndrau, ed. and trans. by Frederic Trautmann

Historical Landscapes Historic Landscapes and the Western Identity

Historical Commentary The Close of the Copper Century
by Michael P. Malone

A Review Essay English Creek and Western Historical Fiction
by William Bevis

“We Are Going to Have a Big Sioux War” Colonel David S. Stanley’s Yellowstone Expedition, 1872
by Francis B. Robertson

Letters from the Lone Cowboy A Sampling of Will James’s Letters to Maxwell Perkins
by William Gardner Bell

Peter Paul Prando, S.J., “Apostle of the Crows”by Michael E. Engh, S.J.

Father Peter Paul Prando’s Crow Reservation Photographs, 1894–1895by Michael E. Engh, S.J.

Father Jeremiah J. Callaghan Butte’s First Irish Priest, 1898–1906
by Jeanette Prodgers

M. L. Wilson and the Origins of Federal Farm Policy in the Great Plains, 1909–1914by Harry C. McDean

Montana Episodes M. L. Wilson: A Man to Remember
by Mont H. Saunderson

Notes on New Booksby Michael P. Malone

The Struggle for the Piegan TradeThe Saskatchewan Versus the Missouri
by David Smyth

“A Mustard See in Montana Recollections of the First Indian Mission in Montana
by Sister Saint Angela Louis Abair, ed. Orlan J. Svingen

Plain to Fancy The Lake Hotel, 1889–1929
by Barbara H. Dittl and Joanne Mallmann

Ernest Thompson Seton in Yellowstone Countryby H. Allen Anderson

Montana Episodes Sergeant Molchert’s Perils: Soldiering in Montana, 1870–1880
by Jon G. James

Midas of the West The Incredible Career of William Andrews Clark
by Michael P. Malone

Jessie Donaldson Schultz and Blackfeet Craftsby Anne Banks

Montana’s Self-Confessed Elite The Progressive Men of Montana
by Carrol Van West

Jackson Sundown: Nez Perce Horsemanby Rowena L. and Gordon D. Alcorn

“Alone on that Prairie . . .” The Homestead Narrative of Nellie Rogney
by Dorothy Kimball, contributor

Montana Episodes From Horse to Machine
by Jeffrey J. Safford, ed.

Notes on New Booksby Michael P. Malone

Western Women Beginning to Come into Focus
by Sue Armitage

Hell Came with Horses Plains Indian Women in the Equestrian Era
by Margot Liberty

Mary Richardson Walker The Shattered Dreams of a Missionary Woman
by Patricia V. Horner

Well and Strong and Fearless Etta Anderson in Washington Territory
by Margaret Anderson Uhler, ed.

To the Dear Ones at Home Elizabeth Fisk’s Missouri River Trip, 1867
by Rex C. Myers, ed.

Mothers and Daughters of Eldorado The Fisk Family of Helena, M.T., 1867–1902
by Paula Petrik

Crossing the Gender Line Ella L. Knowles, Montana’s First Woman Lawyer
by Richard B. Roeder

Female Photographers on the Frontier Montana’s Lady Photographic Artists, 1866–1900
by Delores J. Morrow

Montana Episodes Frieda and Belle Fligelman: A Frontier-City Girlhood in the 1890s
by Susan Leaphart

In Yellowstone Park, 1886–1889 George Tutherly’s Reminiscences
by Lee H. Whittlesey, ed.

“At the Greatest Personal Peril to the Photographer” The Schwatka-Haynes Winter Expedition in Yellowstone, 1887
by William L. Lang

An Infantry Company in the Sioux Campaign, 1876by Paul Hedren

“We Done the Chores and Set by the Fire” Cold Winter in the Bitterroot
by Stanley R. Davison, ed.

Montana Episodes Ice Harvesting on Lakeside Ranch
by Michael P. Malone, ed.

Stanley Huntley Interviews Sitting Bull Event, Pseudo-Event or Fabrication?
by Lewis O. Saum

Montana’s Silver Mining Era Great Boom and Great Bust
by Robert A. Chadwick

Phil Sheridan’s Pyrrhic Victory The Piegan Massacre, Army Politics, and the Transfer Debate
by Paul A. Hutton

Fannie Sperry Steele Montana’s Champion Bronc Rider
by Liz Stiffler and Tona Blake

Lorena Hickok to Harry Hopkins, 1933 A Woman Reporter Views Prairie Towns
by Maurine Hoffman Beasley

Montana Episodes A Maine Man in the West—Letters of Stephen C. Barron, 1867–1874
by Robert W. Lovett

Buffalo Hunting in Montana in 1886 The Diary of W. Harvey Brown
by John M. Peterson, ed.

Reservation Self-Sufficiency Stock Raising Versus Farming on the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation, 1900–1914
by Orlan J. Svingen

Solving Custer Photo PuzzlesSome New Dates and Identifications
by Neil Mangum

The Lewis and Clark Caverns Politics and the Establishment of Montana’s First State Park
by Kenneth W. Karsmizki

Montana Episodes Wheelmen in Yellowstone, 1905
by Susan Leaphart

K. Ross Toole A Memorial
by Robert G. Athearn, Paul F. Sharp, John C. Ewers, Merrill G. Burlingame, Vivian A. Paladin, Harry W. Fritz

“To Arouse Interest in the Outdoors” The Literary Career of Enos Mills
by Carl Abbott

Scarlet West The Oldest Profession in the Trans-Mississippi Westby Elliott West

Capitalists with Rooms Prostitution in Helena, Montana, 1865–1900
by Paula Petrik

Wheat for the Soviet MassesM. L. Wilson and the Montana Connection
by Thomas R. Wessel

The Crow Indian Delegation to Washington, D.C., in 1880 by C. Adrian Heidenreich

Montana Episodes Homestead Fun
by Ruth Cameron

John Ringo The Story of a Western Myth
by Jack Burrows

Terminus Town The Founding of Dillon, 1880
by Stanley R. Davison and Rex C. Myers

Strike and RetreatIntertribal Warfare and the Powder River War, 1865–1868
by Anthony McGinnis

Marshall’s Hotel in the National Parkby Lee H. Whittlesey

Montana EpisodesTracking Con Murphy
by Jacob Mathews Powers

Vigorous Attempts to Prosecute Pinkerton Men on Montana’s Range, 1914by Joan Bishop

Law, Order, & Reform in the Gallatin, 1893–1918by Larry V. Bishop and Robert A. Harvie

Montana Collage Our History through Photographs, A Portfolio
by the editors

“Peace Is a Woman’s Job . . .” Jeannette Rankin and American Foreign Policy: Her Lifework as a Pacifist
by Joan Hoff Wilson

William Henry Hunt The Montana Years
by William Hunt Conrad

Montana Episodes 180 Degree Turn
by C. Reg Krause

Boycott The Pullman Strike in Montana
by W. Thomas White

The Trans-Mississippi Exposition and the Flathead Delegationby Robert Bigart and Clarence Woodcock

The Rinehart Photographs A Portfolio
by Earl Clark

Wells Fargo Stagecoaching in Montana Final Months
by W. Turrentine Jackson

Montana Episodes Stage on the High Line
by Earl Sandvig

W. H. D. Koerner & Emerson Hough A Western Collaboration
by Dorys Crow Grover

Sollid Wants to See You George Sollid, Homestead Locator
by William E. Farr

When Lowry Took Russell and Me to Eatby Belknap “Ballie” Buck
introduction by Brian W. Dippie

How the Buffalo Lost His Crown by John W. Beaconillustrated by Charles M. Russell

Wells Fargo Stagecoaching in Montana Trials and Triumphs
by W. Turrentine Jackson

Brick Stronghold of the Border Fort Assinniboine, 1879–1911
by Nicholas P. Hardeman

Montana Episodes Shipping Time
by Jeffrey J. Safford

Survival on the High Plains, 1929–1934by Charles Vindex

Colonel Custer’s Copperhead The “Mysterious” Mark Kellogg
by Lewis O. Saum

Henry M. Stanley’s Frontier Apprenticeshipby Thomas D. Isern

Montana’s Righteous Hangmen A Reconsideration
by Merrill G. Burlingame

1870—To the Hangman’s Tree Helena’s Last Vigilante Execution
by Lee Silliman

Itinerant Frontier Photographers and Images Lost, Strayed, or Stolenby John S. Gray

“The Very Atmospphere Is Charged with Unbelief . . .” Presbyterians and Higher Education in Montana
by Norman J. Bender

Cornelius Hedges Frontier Educator
by George Lubick

Miss Jacoby 19th Century Educator, 20th Century Guardian of Excellence
by Alice Cowan Coleman

Lutey Brothers Marketeria America’s First Self-Serve Grocers
by Kent Lutey

A Century Ago The Nez Perce and the Tortuous Pursuit
by Stanley R. Davison

The Settlers and the Nez Perceby Rex C. Myers

“We have Joseph and all his people . . .”A Soldier Writes Home About the Battle
A Document

Saloon Entrepreneurs of Russell’s Art and the Pilgrimage of One Collectionby Paul T. DeVore

Mary MacLane A Feminist Opinion
by Carolyn J. Mattern

Member of the Crew Reminiscences of a Teen-Ager on a Threshing Rig
by Orland E. Esval

Horsepower “I Don’t Have a Work Horse on the Place”
by Donald R. Bosley

David Dawson Mitchell Virginian on the Wild Missouri
by Paul E. Verdon

Timber to Newport on the Pend Oreille River in Idahoby Louis Musso III

An Inning for Sin Chicago Joe and Her Hurdy-Gurdy Girls
by Rex C. Myers

Camp Baker/Fort Logan Microcosm of the /Frontier Military Experience
by Raymond A. Mentzer, Jr.

Asian Adventures of a Cowboy from Montana—Red Bartonby Ralph Miracle

Care and Feeding of the Model Tby Tony Dalich

The Golden Spell of Harvestby Charles Vindex

Sadie and the Missing Custer Battle Papersby Carl L. Pearton

The Last Summer at Lake McDonaldby Curtis W. Buchholtz

The Montana Club Symbol of Elegance
by Rex C. Myers

The Scattered Morrisitesby C. LeRoy Anderson

Albert Bierstadt Painter of America’s Western Vision
by Phillip Drennon Thomas

Montana Editors and the Custer Battleby Rex C. Myers

When the Preacher Kept a Cowby Dorothy M. Johnson

A Tale of Two Towns Gilman and Augusta
by Jeffrey L. Cuniff

“He Was Ferocious, That Pike!” A Fighting Man and a Town to Match
by Lee Silliman